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Cannon A Waves
 • Caused by atrial contracting against a closed tricuspid valve
 • Atrioventricular dissociation
Cannon A Waves ... • Caused by atrial ... • The cannon a wave ... dissociation + retrograde atrial ... 2LmUODZ #Cannon #AWaves
Jugular Waveform Components 
 • a wave - due to atrial contraction: It occurs just before
- due to atrial ... - due to right atrial ... • c wave - caused ... to subsequent atrial ... y descent - is caused
Inverted P Waves:
(A) Ectopic atrial rhythm
(B) Junctional rhythm 

#Inverted #PWaves #cardiology #diagnosis #ekg #ecg #electrocardiogram #differential
Inverted P Waves ... : (A) Ectopic atrial ... #Inverted #PWaves
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
- Atrial fibrillation ... - Atrial flutter ... stenosis, right atrial ... stenosis, right atrial ... regurgitation, atrial
Comparison of Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia, Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia - Atrial Rate >
of Multifocal Atrial ... Tachycardia, Atrial ... > 100 1. >3 p wave ... tooth" flutter waves ... discernible P waves
Cannon A Waves of Complete Heart Block on Physical Exam
A patient presented to clinic with lightheadedness
Cannon A Waves of ... The a wave is the ... in CVP due to atrial ... When the atrium ... conditions in which the atrium
EKG Interpretation Cheat Sheet
1) Rate 
 - Regular - Count-Off 
 - Irregular - Count number
• Inverted P Waves ... origin within the atria ... (e.g. ectopic atrial ... Morphology = multifocal atrial ... • Saw-Tooth = Atrial
Cannon A Waves on Neck Examination

Cannon a waves! Notice that it occurs randomly, not predictably w/
Cannon A Waves on ... Examination Cannon a waves ... Cannon a waves indicate ... block, or, as this case ... for DDI and an atrial
Counterclockwise and (Left) vs Clockwise (Right) Flutter
Typical atrial flutter is counterclockwise in direction and originates from
Flutter Typical atrial ... negatively-directed flutter waves ... positively-directed flutter waves ... Atypical atrial ... to the flutter waves
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
(CVP) or right atrial ... diastole): lost in atrial ... to disorganized atrial ... ” caused by RA contraction ... (TV cusps bulge