13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
: • Lactic acidosis ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... Diarrhea B. ... Acid loads (ammonium ... #differential #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... , Gitelman syndrome ... : Chronic diarrhea ... ketoacidosis, D-lactic ... poisoning • Normal acid-base
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... starts by measuring ... Renal tubular acidosis ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #differential #
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... associated with short ... bowel syndrome ... toxicity causes lactic ... underexcretion of acids
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypotension & Hypovolemia ... PRIS), Valproic Acid ... #Acidosis #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D D-lactate (short ... bowel syndrome, ... : - Diarrhea ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Acidosis - Differential ... or diagnostic tests ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... - Compartment syndrome ... #Differential #
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Congenital chloride diarrhea