8 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... out, causes of hypokalemia ... filling of bucket (low ... varunnephro #Hypokalemia ... Algorithm #Causes #workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury (AKI ... common culprits: Hypovolemia ... , Low effective ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
CHF, cirrhosis, hypovolemia ... , RTA Type IV, AI ... reabsorption) Workup ... ) - IVF (hypovolemia ... needed to avoid hypovolemia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Family history of hypokalemia ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... pressure Labs: • Hypokalemia ... pathophysiology #Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
body water in comparison ... osmolality helps to differentiate ... hypervolemic, hypovolemic ... stimulated in states of low ... hyponatremia #ADH #RAAS #Hypovolemia