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Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Definition
Presentation
Medical Management
Extraesophageal Symptoms
Long-Term PPI Issues
Diagnosis Algorithm
Refractory GERD
Surgical and Endoscopic
Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Extraesophageal Symptoms ... Gastroesophageal #Reflux ... Diagnosis #Management #Treatment ... #Algorithm #Gastroenterology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Summary
 - Diagnosis
 - Clinical Workflow
 - PPIs
 - Treatment
 - Acid
Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Disease (GERD) ... Workflow - PPIs - Treatment ... #Disease #GERD ... #gastroenterology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Incomplete/relief/treatment ... Testing Ambulatory reflux ... Treatment - Antireflux ... diagnosis #management #Gastroenterology
GERD and Recommended Lifestyle Modifications
 • Avoid fatty meals
 • Avoid carbonated beverages
 • Avoid citrus,
GERD and Recommended ... if it triggers symptoms ... left side #GERD ... #reflux #acid # ... Modifications #management #gastroenterology
Esophageal Necrosis
Etiology:
 - Ischemia and Gastric Outlet Obstruction with GERD may be inciting events
 - Associated
Obstruction with GERD ... injury (by acid reflux ... melena - Other GI symptoms ... : - Treatment of ... diagnosis #management #gastroenterology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
the following symptoms ... Gastroesophageal reflux ... gastroesophageal reflux ... disease (GERD), ... • Associated symptoms
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
often ordered in reflex ... despite appropriate treatment ... IDSA 2021 CDI Treatment ... #infectiousdiseases ... #IDSA #gastroenterology
Most episodes of chronic cough in adults are caused by upper airway cough syndrome (UACS, also
gastroesophageal reflux ... disease (GERD), ... patients.8,9 Empiric treatment ... chronic cough until symptoms ... in such cases, treatments
Achalasia Summary

Epidemiology: 10 cases per 100,000 individuals

Defined by inadequate relaxation of the LES and aperistalsis
Primary or
esophageal sphincter to relax ... GERD 2. ... dysphagia (<1 year ... Treatment options ... #gastroenterology