12 results
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
• Refeeding Syndrome ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... GI: • Small bowel ... diarrhea • Enteric ... : • Aluminum/Magnesium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
IBS-D Pharmacotherapy

Loperamide
Rifaximin
Eluxadoline
Alosetron
Antispasmodics
Tricyclic antidepressants
SSRIs

#IBSD #IBS #Diarrhea #Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome #pharmacology #table #comparison #management #treatment
#IBSD #IBS #Diarrhea ... #Irritable #Bowel ... #Syndrome #pharmacology ... #table #comparison ... #management #treatment
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... potassium #nephrology #low
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Treatment Options
Amitiza (Lubiprostone)
Antidepressants: Celexa, Wellbutrin, Prozac, Paxil, Nortriptyline, and Zoloft
Bentyl (Dicyclomine)
Creon
Ducolax
Imodium, Maalox,
Irritable Bowel ... Syndrome (IBS) Treatment ... #syndrome #ibs ... #diarrhea #constipation ... #pharmacology #table
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... • Magnesium depletion ... artery stenosis Low ... #Hypokalemia
What is the difference between ischemic colitis and mesenteric ischemia?
A common misnomer. Mesenteric ischemia and ischemic
scripts and initial treatment ... Ischemia: • Small bowel ... to nonocclusive low ... tenderness, bloody diarrhea ... differences #diagnosis #table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... • Potassium • Magnesium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
metastasis (hungry bone syndrome ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... intake, Small bowel ... diagnosis #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Previous upper bowel ... disease, Chronic diarrhoea ... , Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Musculoskeletal: Low