44 results
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Narrowing of spinal canal ... stopping walking (vascular ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Raynaud Phenomenon Differential Diagnosis:

Rheumatologic

 - MCC systemic sclerosis, RA, SLE, Sjogren syndrome, Antisynthetase syndrome, MCTD
Heme

 -
, SLE, Sjogren syndrome ... Antisynthetase syndrome ... state (eg APLA) - Vascular ... Hypothyroidism - Carpal ... tunnel syndrome
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... injury, often from vascular ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... hyperextension -> Upper extremity ... Primarily Upper Extremity
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Framework for Lower Extremity ... Unilateral Lower Extremity ... Bilateral Lower Extremity ... Bilateral #Lower #Extremity ... #PhysicalExam #
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... #UpperLimb #Extremity ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome on Physical Exam

Prominent dilated collateral veins are seen bypassing the SVC obstruction

#SVC
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ... Superior #Vena #Cava #Syndrome ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video #vascular
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
peripheries, Carpal ... timel syndrome, ... Myotonia, Muscular ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
• Sciatica • Tarsal ... tunnel syndrome ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... diagnosis #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Pemberton's Sign caused by a Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Elevating the arms causes the previously flat neck veins
superior vena cava syndrome ... Thyroid #Goiter #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #vascular ... neck #mass #SVC #Syndrome
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... Inspection - lower extremity ... unilateral lower extremity ... or absent lower extremity