48 results
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Bone/Joint Causes ... Patellofemoral pain syndrome ... • Sciatica • Tarsal ... tunnel syndrome ... lower #extremity #msk
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... systemic process leg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Causes of Excessive ... Apnea • Restless Legs ... Syndrome • Periodic ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Parkinson's, MS)
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... loss of normal leg ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... and bilateral leg ... Commonly caused ... Narrowing of spinal canal ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Dizziness - Central and Peripheral Causes - Differential Diagnosis
Central Causes:
 • Cerebrovascular:  vertebrobasilar, TIA, Wallenburg,
oticus (Ramsay Hunt syndrome ... • Semicircular canal ... dehiscence syndrome ... • Cogan's syndrome ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Erb's Palsy is caused ... hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... - Causes paraesthesia ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
High altitude (eg ... respiratory drive due to neurologic ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... intracardiac shunting (eg
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy - Visual Field Defects - Localization Map
 - Optic Nerve Lesion (Monocular vision loss)
 -
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy ... Infection • MS ... NeuroOphthaImoIogy #Neurology ... Diagnosis #Anatomy #Causes ... #Ophthalmology