19 results
Chest Pain - Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

History and Exam
Acute life-threatening causes:
 • Acute myocardial infarction
 •
life-threatening causes ... Pulmonary embolism • Cardiac ... tamponade • Esophageal ... : • EKG • Bedside ... ultrasound • CXR
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Cardiac Tamponade ... , e.g. central line ... pericardiocentesis kit (eg ... #Cardiac #Tamponade ... #Anesthesiology
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
trolley and 12-lead ECG ... CM5 continuous ECG ... Obtain a 12-lead ECG ... consultation with cardiology ... #Ischaemia #Anesthesiology
Hypotension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Hypotension is commonly due to unnecessarily deep anaesthesia, the autonomic
and positioning (e.g ... tamponade → 3-9 ... (eg steroid dependency ... #Differential #Anesthesiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

The probable cause is one or more of: something
• Check ECG rhythm ... Hypothermia Tamponade ... #Differential #Anesthesiology ... #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
• Unexpected cardiac ... arrest, start CPR ... alternate vasopressor (e.g ... #Anaphylaxis #Anesthesiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Circulatory Embolus - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Causes: thrombus, fat, amniotic fluid, air/gas.
Signs: hypotension, tachycardia,
Causes: thrombus ... unexplained loss of cardiac ... Consider thrombolysis e.g ... Embolism #VTE #Anesthesiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Can’t Intubate, Can’t Oxygenate (CICO) - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
This is the last resort when
Guidelines for Crises ... airway expertise e.g ... trolley and then cardiac ... Intubation #Difficult #Anesthesiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Approach to the Hypercoagulable State
Arterial thromboembolism
→ Cardiac rhythm monitoring, Echocardiogram, Vascular imaging
→ Test for APS, particularly
thromboembolism → Cardiac ... Vascular imaging → Test ... • Provoked (e.g ... CBC, aPTT, +/- CXR ... hematology #diagnosis #algorithm
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
likely underlying cause ... Consider monitoring cardiac ... cultures if possible (eg ... #Sepsis #Anesthesiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup