7 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... sign on oblique ... vertebrae • CT ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #signs #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... tissue damage - CXR ... involvement - CT
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... high-resolution chest CT
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
the chest film (Table ... logical sequence of signs ... In daily clinical ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Findings #Signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
granulomas within the lungs ... renal failure Clinical ... e.g. incidental CXR ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... determine if stress test ... Change in clinical ... unless prior heart/lung ... stratification #diagnosis