12 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... hypothyroidism • adrenal ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... High Uric Acid → renal ... salt wasting By ... #nephrology #sodium
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Insufficiency - Algorithm ... require Cosyntropin testing ... Step 2) Confirmation ... Step 3) Differentiate ... #Stimulation #Endocrinology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... obstruction 3. ... output: 200 ml/hr 3. ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... . 3% saline can ... up to 3x in the setting ... #management #nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
secondary AI, hyponatremia ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... A STIM test can ... 8am cortisol <3 ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
, Anaphylaxis, Adrenal ... Medications, Spinal Cord Injury ... ) MAP > 60-65 2) ... Lactate < 2.0 3) ... #criticalcare #algorithm
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
stable values. 3. ... heart failure, neurologic ... or acute kidney injury ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Neurologic disorders
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Risk factors 3. ... thrombosis Testing ... epilepticus Treatment ... 3 mEq/L • Seizures
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
bronchial wall injury ... • Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... Digital clubbing (2- ... 3% of patients; ... mycobacteria Treatment