53 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... characteristic features Clinical ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... Tuberculin skin test ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... characteristic features Clinical ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... Tuberculin skin test ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis
Tuberculosis Testing

LATENT TB
• LTBI is diagnosed when an asymptomatic patient has a positive TST or IGRA
Tuberculosis Testing LATENT ... result with no clinical ... intermediate risk of disease ... #Workup #TB #Latent ... #Active #LatentTB
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
Syphilis - Clinical ... responsible for most cases ... meningovascular disease ... ulcerated • MSK ... Syphilis #stages #diagnosis
Leptospirosis
Pathogen: Leptospira (interrogans, kirschneri, noguchii)
Risk Factors:
 • Occupational exposure - Farmers, ranchers, trappers, veterinarians
 • Recreational
non-productive cough, nausea ... ARDS Diagnosis ... Epidemiologic exposure + clinical ... agglutination - test ... #treatment #management
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... #differential #causes
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
IgG4-Related Disease ... Clinical history ... specific laboratory tests ... IgG4 #Related #Disease ... #phenotypes #workup
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Hyponatremia is usually caused ... Then, ask 3 questions ... to work through ... vaptans (HF/liver disease
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
Without treatment ... soles in 50% of cases ... #Tertiary #Diagnosis ... GrepMed Recommended Text ... of Infectious Diseases
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Treatment: •