9 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential Diagnosis ... - SLE - Behcet ... Effusions: - Hematologic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #msk #physicalexam
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
in Behcet syndrome ... Positive pathergy test ... is a skin prick test ... #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
Symptoms of Joint Disease ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... #rheumatology # ... approach #workup ... #differential #diagnosis
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Bacteremic spread of the Gram-negative diplococci Neisseria gonorrhoeae. History
and Management ... the preferred test ... typically part of the workup ... Distal joints, knees ... , wrists, ankles
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
Rheumatology Workup ... crystals (gout) or calcium ... profile (e.g., calcium ... #laboratory #workup ... #diagnosis #testing
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
• Underlying disease ... precipitates with calcium ... forefoot, ankles, knees ... Gout #Comparison #rheumatology ... #Diagnosis
Pseudogout Summary - Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD)

Pathophysiology:
Pyrophosphate produced by chondrocytes likely precipitates with calcium to
joints (shoulders, wrists ... often involves the wrists ... culture used to diagnose ... #Rheumatology # ... diagnosis #management
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
Constitutional symptoms, Arthritis ... thiazidic, PPI, ACE, calcium-b ... • Immunologic Workup ... Evolution: Chronic disease ... #diagnosis #management
Gout - Diagnosis and Management Summary

3 Conditions for Gout to Manifest:
1. Hyperuricemia
2. Monosodium urate deposition in
and Management ... forefoot, ankles, knees ... , fingers, wrist ... frequent attacks • Arthritis ... #rheumatology