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Beginner's Guide to End-Tital Capnography
4 Phases of the Capnoqram
I - Inspiration and expiration Of dead space
II
Beginner's Guide to End-Tital ... Phases of the Capnoqram ... because there's no ventilation ... #Capnography #Capnogram ... #Patterns #Waveform
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
• PETCO2 - End-tidal ... on an ABG) The Capnograph ... waveform is composed ... patterns: • Downsloping ... #patterns #diagnosis
APVcmv - Adaptive Pressure Ventilation - Controlled Mechanical Ventilation Summary
Most Similar to PRVC - Pressure Regulated
Rate 2) Target Tidal ... patients - The more work ... does the less support ... neurogenic breathing patterns ... as the target tidal
SPONT - Spontaneous Breathing = Pressure Support Ventilation Summary
Basic Set Parameters:
  1) Pressure Support (PS)
Ventilation Summary ... do some of the work ... means the patient ↑work ... determines the rate and tidal ... (pulling good tidal
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
capnography assesses ventilation ... Capnography measures ventilation ... PATTERNS: • BRONCHOSPASM ... peak, not end-tidal ... surface - Pattern
General schema for respiratory support in patients with COVID-19
Low flow nasal cannula
 • Typically set at
for respiratory support ... • Target tidal ... lung-protective ventilation ... #respiratory #support ... hypoxia #failure #algorithm
Noninvasive Ventilation Summary
Positive pressure ventilation that is delivered through a nasal, mask, or helmet interface and
pressures • Decreases work ... trapping • Bilevel support ... augments inspiratory tidal ... respiratory cycle • Supports ... • Supports oxygenation
Approach to Selecting Respiratory Support:
-The role of noninvasive respiratory support is generally to reduce the patient's
Selecting Respiratory Support ... noninvasive respiratory support ... the patient's work ... #Noninvasive #Ventilation ... RespiratorySupport #Selection #Algorithm
Perform computations online at:
ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
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RV
» HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS ... Index CARDIAC WORK ... RCWI Cardiac Work ... Respiratory Rate Wt*VT Tidal ... VT*RR Minute Ventilation