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Initial Clinical and Laboratory Data Base for Defining Major Syndromes in Nephrology

#Major #Syndromes #Nephrology #Diagnosis #Workup
Initial Clinical and Laboratory ... Defining Major Syndromes ... in Nephrology ... #Major #Syndromes ... #Differential #Table
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Principal Causes of Generalized Edema - History, Physical Examination, and Laboratory Findings 

Cardiac, Hepatic, Renal (ARF),
Principal Causes ... Examination, and Laboratory ... Renal (Nephrotic Syndrome ... #Differential #Table
Rapid, increasing signs of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) is an important key feature of NMS. EPS, associated
about 95% of NMS cases ... Laboratory findings ... differentiating the two syndromes ... Diagnosis #Serotonin #Syndrome ... NeurolepticMalignant #Comparison #Table
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
Gerstmann Syndrome ... patient is still able ... to copy Causes ... : Stroke (main cause ... #neurology #diagnosis
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... ophthalmology #neurology ... differential #diagnosis #ocular
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... Other brainstem syndromes ... erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome (OMAS) -Dancing eyes - dancing feet syndrome
 • Opsoclonus: ocular spontaneous, arrhythmic, conjugate
Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome ... - dancing feet syndrome ... • Opsoclonus: ocular ... involuntary movements caused ... clinical #video #neurology
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
Folliculitis decalvans, Tinea ... Broken Hair Shafts: Tinea ... , Loose anagen syndrome ... Scaling, pustules, crusts ... fungi Initial Laboratory