11 results
Hyperaldosteronism - Etiologies of Mineralocorticoid Excess

Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, High Aldosterone) 
 - Aldosterone-secreting
Mineralocorticoid Excess Primary ... - Congenital adrenal ... hyperplasia Secondary ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Renin, Low Aldosterone ... Chronic heparin - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Plasma aldosterone/renin ... Causes #Screening #Workup ... #table
Pocket Comparison Guide to Heritable Hypertension Syndromes (Secondary Hypertension)

Bartter, Gitelman, Liddle, Primary Aldosteronism, 
GRA (Glucocorticoid Remediable
Pocket Comparison ... Hypertension Syndromes (Secondary ... Gitelman, Liddle, Primary ... 2) By Age, Renin ... #Table #Diagnosis
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... Renal Disease ... Hyperaldosternism (low ... tumor • Other low ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... Syndrome, Congenital Adrenal
Approach to a young patient with hypertension
General Evaluation - History and Examination, Basic chemistries (K, eGFR),
), Urinalysis Renal ... aldosterone and renin ... ↑AIdo/↓PRA: Primary ... AMES, Liddle, low-renin ... #workup #algorithm
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
Primary Adrenal ... aldosterone - Low ... autoimmune-mediated primary ... Evaluation #laboratory #diagnosis ... endocrinology #workup
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... Hypothyroidism, Primary