65 results
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
Clinical:
 • Sudden, painless, monocular loss of vision 
 • "Blood and
Occlusion (CRVO) Clinical ... Blood and thunder" fundoscoplc ... Occlusion #CRVO #Diagnosis ... #Clinical #Fundoscopy ... #Ophthalmology
Papilledema vs Normal Optic Disc

Blurred vs sharp optic disc margins

#Papilledema #OpticDisc #Normal #Comparison #Fundoscopy #Ophthalmology #Clinical
Normal #Comparison #Fundoscopy ... #Ophthalmology ... #Clinical #Diagnosis
Pathological Optic Disc Cupping

Note cup-to-disc ratio at least 0.8 (physiologic limit of 0.5).

Thinning of optic disc
Usual cause is glaucoma ... Glaucoma causes ... OpticDisc #Cupping #fundoscopy ... #ophthalmology ... #Clinical
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
Clinical:
 • Sudden, painless, complete loss of vision 
 • Pale retina
Occlusion (CRAO) Clinical ... • Immediate ophthalmology ... Occlusion #CRAO #Diagnosis ... #Clinical #Fundoscopy ... #Ophthalmology
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause ... retinopathy) #Clinical ... #Ophthalmology ... #Fundoscopy #Central
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Wool Spots Caused ... CottonWool #Spots #fundoscopy ... #ophthalmology ... #Clinical
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... a mass as the cause ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Bilateral Acute Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Complete/ Partial Homonymous Hemianopia
 • Infarct
 • Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hemorrhage • Tumor ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy - Visual Field Defects - Localization Map
 - Optic Nerve Lesion (Monocular vision loss)
 -
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy ... Pituitary/metastatic tumor ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Anatomy #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... Diplopia TIER 1-CRITICAL ... URGENT: Brainstem tumor ... #differential #diagnosis ... #ophthalmology