13 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Diagnosis of ascites ... SAAG ≥ 1.1: - Ascitic ... syndrome SAAG < 1.1: Biliary ... albumin #gradient #hepatology ... #differential #
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Failure, Pancreatic, Biliary ... Chylous <1% #Ascites ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... Smoking, Microbial triggers ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary ... #hepatology
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
Jaundice - Differential ... on Ultrasound Biliary ... Gallstones • Biliary ... #Jaundice #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... - Differential ... failure • Primary biliary ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
Approach and Differential ... Cell count and differential ... concentration (bowel or biliary ... #workup #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... of portal HTN: ascites ... portal HTN: • Ascites ... pregnancy • Primary biliary ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... develops (DIC, ascites ... infiltration) Differential ... Liver #Pregnancy #hepatology ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... No extrahepatic biliary ... bile ducts Differential ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Serum Ascites Albumin ... Gradient (SAAG) - Differential ... Tuberculosis - Biliary ... Albumin #Gradient #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hepatology