74 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... XR — scotty dog sign ... vertebrae • CT ... MSK #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... hyperviscosity syndrome • Triggers ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... into serum • Triggers
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... T lymphocytes also ... the etiology Signs ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #signs #diagnosis
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
immune compromise Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... , specifically CT
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... involvement - CT
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Pathogenesis and clinical ... tendon is 15cm long ... pre-determined etiology Signs ... TendonRupture #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #pathophysiology
Septic emboli
Septic emboli usually present as multiple ill-defined nodules.
In about 50% cavitation is seen.
CT demonstrates more
usually present as ... CT demonstrates ... in the proper clinical ... feeding vessel sign ... feeding vessel sign
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Pathogenesis and clinical ... gene mutated in all ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Fat Embolism Syndrome
Trauma to the long bone or pelvis accounts for —9096 of cases. The diagnosis
Trauma to the long ... Pathophysiology ... FES is a clinical ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms