11 results
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
• In migraines ... with aura > migraine ... without aura ... - Autonomic symptoms ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Migraine with Aura
Diagnostic Criteria (ICHD-3):
A) At least 2 attacks fulfilling criteria B and C:
B) One or
Migraine with Aura ... 60 minutes, by headache ... neudrawlogy #Migraine ... #criteria #neurology ... #headache #ICHD3
Diagnostic Algorithm for the Patient with Seizure in the Emergency Department
Does the history suggest a seizure?
- Presence of aura ... of additional symptoms ... light-headedness, headache ... Stroke - Atypical migraine ... Seizure #management #Neurology
Stages of Migraine
 • Prodromal or Premonitory Phase (1-2 days): Fatigue, Yawning, Food cravings, Pallor, Nausea,
Blurred Vision → • Aura ... 60 minutes each aura ... days/weeks): No symptoms ... Stages #diagnosis #neurology ... #headache #ICHD3
Primary and Secondary Headaches - Red Flags and Differential Diagnosis
Red Flags (SNOOP):
S - Systemic		
N - Neurologic
Systemic N - Neurologic ... Sx change Migraine ... Phonophobia +/- aura ... Sensitivity ETOH Infection ... secondary #management #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Approach to Headaches ... artery tenderness, triggered ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
symptom of something ... , throbbing, ± aura ... side, nausea, aura ... aneurysm) • Infection ... Secondary #Comparison #Neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... with significant neurologic ... family history of migraine ... attacks with varying neurologic ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... example, IIH • Migraine ... with aura #BEE ... #Syndromes #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... after erythema migrans ... influenzae Symptoms ... differential #diagnosis #neurology