45 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Adenoma, BAH, AME ... renin activity; AME ... aldosteronism #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... Adenoma, BAH, AME ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... /L • Gastric alkalosis ... ingestion, Congenital AME ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
↑ ↑ Metabolic alkalosis ... Acidosis ↑ ↓ Resp Alkalosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... of Respiratory alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Marcus Gunn Phenomenon - Jaw Winking Syndrome

Jaw-winking syndrome is thought to be caused by abnormal innervation
- Jaw Winking Syndrome ... Jaw-winking syndrome ... Most cases are congenital ... #clinical #video ... #neurology #physicalexam
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus ... Pathophysiology: ... Risk factors: age ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #neurology #posture
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Complications of CKD
 - Patients with stages 1-3 ([GFR] >30 mL/min) of CKD are generally asymptomatic;
mL/min) of CKD are ... not clinically ... disturbances manifest clinically ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Age less than 30 ... heart failure, neurologic ... and metabolic alkalosis ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Neurologic disorders