52 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, Differential ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and chronic ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... Artery Disease • Stable ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... #Dyspnea #SOB #Differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... #Diarrhea #management ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... renal failure Clinical ... symptoms are not caused ... but stable or chronic ... anterior/posterior MSK
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Demyelinating Disease (MS ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... heavy metals), Critical ... #differential #
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Inhibitors - Chronic ... insufficiency - Critical ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... severe clinical ... Malnutrition due to chronic ... #Nutrition #Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... the underlying cause ... correction of chronic ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management