10 results
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
rapid onset of symptoms ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Transformation: • Complication ... Leukemia #Hematology #Oncology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
with no early symptoms ... Warm AIHA • Bone ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... leukemia • Sezary syndrome ... diagnosis #workup #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
= Hypocellular bone ... Constitutional Syndromes ... • Suggested by bone ... • Improve the symptoms ... Aplastic #Anemia #oncology
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
3: Necrosis of bone ... inner cortical bone ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: >3 symptoms ... Differentiation #Syndrome ... management #hematology #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
hypercellular bone ... age 70 years Symptoms ... megakaryocytic Bone ... the blood and bone ... diagnosis #hematology #oncology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... Transplantation including bone ... Hypercalcemia Etiology ... : • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Normal: Air > bone ... hearing loss: Bone ... ○ Meningitis complications ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #otology
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications ... • Boerhaave syndrome ... hormone levels cause bones ... #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms