7 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Rhabdomyolysis • Tumor ... lysis syndrome ... glycosides • High acute ... Elimination: • AKI
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Pre-Renal: • Hypovolemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... • Obstruction (Tumor ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes ... #algorithm
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Acute rheumatic ... - Giant cell tumor ... #Effusions #causes ... diagnosis #msk #physicalexam
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Lysis Syndrome ... high WBC count cause ... fever - ACS, AKI ... , acute limb ischemia ... hydration - Hyperkalemia
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
• Dyspnea at rest ... EMERGENCIES: Tumor ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperuricemia • Acute ... renal failure • Hypocalcemia
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Hyperkalemia is ... including: pituitary tumor ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... A STIM test can ... ACTH STIM TEST:
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... Brachial Index (ABI ... nerve injury (25%) TEST ... Compartment syndrome ... trauma/vascular/orthopedic