11 results
Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT) Interpretation Algorithm

Restrictive Lung Disease:
 • Chest wall or neuromuscular disorders
 • Interstitial
Pulmonary Function Testing ... (PFT) Interpretation ... Algorithm Restrictive ... #PFT #PFTs #Interpretation ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... , Acute spinal cord ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... Hyperreflexia #Testing
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... differentiating kidney K wasting ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Cerebral salt wasting ... syndrome Hypovolemia
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Disease • Spinal Cord ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... glands • Salt wasting ... crisis & hyperkalemia ... Complications: • Hyperkalemia ... Late (shock): cold
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... confirmed via genetic testing ... continued in most cases ... ; interpretation ... #differential #algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
non-congested profile (“Cold ... patient causing hypovolemia ... and congested (“Cold ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm