11 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Signs/Symptoms ... • Obesity -> Type ... #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Diagnosis Approach ... and signs of end-organ ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... spondylosis -> Commonly hyperextension ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... #neurology #diagnosis
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
workup 1) Clinical ... workup What type ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... #Geriatrics #Workup
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
symptoms most common type ... Multiple sclerosis ... signs or symptoms ... Vertigo #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Diagnosis Framework ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... • Symptoms and signs ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
and Clinical Features ... 5) Secondary hypertension ... dehydrogenase type ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology