10 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... - RAAS ON (UNa ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... - RAAS OFF (UNa ... Primary polydipsia, Low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... or Ineffective (UNa ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
, Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #sodium #low
Laboratory Evaluation of Patients for Thyroid Disease 
Hyperthyroidism:
 • Graves disease - TSH low; free T4
disease - TSH low ... high; in some cases ... antithyroglobulin antibody positive ... Euthyroid sick syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
: Most Common Cause ... secondary AI, hyponatremia ... Hyperpigmentation is absent (low ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer
UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... concentrated for hypotonic ... capillary leak syndrome ... following HSCT) - UNa ... chemotherapy, nausea
Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome on Physical Exam
The case of a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and platypnea-orthodeoxia
Physical Exam The case ... You can observe how ... in the supine position ... from the supine position ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... is decreased), hypernatremia ... levels following a low-dose ... #Cushings #Syndrome ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Locked-in syndrome ... previous gaze position ... previous gaze position ... asymmetry and hypotonia ... Casey Albin MD @
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... radiocontrast, hypertonic ... structurally similar, positively ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome