15 results
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary ... Gastrointestinal (Vomiting ... acidosis: Diabetic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Deprivation Test • Primary ... Loss - DDAVP -> Uosm ... Insipidus - DDAVP -> Uosm ... #Nephrology #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal: Vomiting ... acidosis • Diabetic ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... osmotic diuresis & vomiting ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... Polyphagia • Polyuria ... , vomiting (Incr
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Vomiting 2. ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Primary hyperaldo ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
alkalosis ↓ ↑ ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... : - Vomiting, ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Renal losses, Diuretic ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... alkalosis, Ketonuria ... Extrarenal losses, Vomiting ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... RTA, Distal RTA, DKA ... differential #potassium #nephrology