13 results
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Abdominal pain • Nausea ... • Polyuria • ... Polydipsia • Vomiting ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Abdominal pain • Nausea ... • Polyuria • ... Polydipsia • Vomiting ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
patients with type 2 diabetes ... have new-onset diabetes ... previously established diabetes ... are Euglycemic Diabetic ... ketoacidosis (EDKA
Typical Clinical Features of DKA:
 - 
Acetone breath 
 - Tachycardia 
 - Soft Bp
respirations - Nausea ... /vomifing - Abdominal ... pain - Polyuria ... #Diagnosis #Diabetic ... #Ketoacidosis #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Gastrointestinal (Vomiting ... : Diabetic ketoacidosis ... , Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... Polyphagia • Polyuria ... , vomiting (Incr ... endocrinology #diabetes
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
by an anion gap acidosis ... consequence of fatty acid ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - caused ... Glucosuria causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... - diabetic, alcohol ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Renal tubular acidosis ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... ketoacidosis ... • Vomiting, Nasogastric ... , glycyrrhizic acid
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Gastrointestinal: Vomiting ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology