140 results
Dilated Abdominal Veins and Caput Medusae - Direction of Blood Flow

Vein Milking technique can be used
determine the cause ... Normal veins: Umbilicus ... respecting the umbilical ... • IVC Obstruction ... • SVC Obstruction
Budd Chiari Syndrome
Hepatic vein obstruction. Can be caused by thrombosis or sometimes a tumour. Can lead
Budd Chiari Syndrome ... Hepatic vein obstruction ... Can be caused by ... #BuddChiari #Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Portal Hypertension According to Site of Vascular Obstruction
1) Prehepatic pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis due
Causes of Portal ... Site of Vascular Obstruction ... due to sepsis (umbilical ... post-sinusoidal: Budd-Chiari syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction and Ileus - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Ileus: Functional bowel "blockage", no peristalsis
Mechanical Obstruction:
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction ... lumen Complete obstructions ... Incomplete obstructions ... percussion • Nausea ... #sbo #ileus #pathophysiology
Chronic SVC Stenosis with Caudal Blood Flow of Dilated Abdominal Veins

60 y/o hx of seizures &
What is the cause ... and below the umbilicus ... AWAY from the umbilicus ... - IVC obstruction ... #Milking #SVC #syndrome
Shock - Pathophysiology 
Inadequate tissue perfusion to meet O2, nutrient requirements
1. Distributive Shock
2. Hypovolemic Shock
3. Cardiogenic
Shock - Pathophysiology ... Obstructive Shock ... #Shock #Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... • Sinusoidal obstruction ... syndrome Portal ... Inferior vena cava obstruction ... Algorithm #Hepatology #causes
Portal Hypertension Classification by site of vascular obstruction
1) Post-hepatic Post-sinusoidal: Budd-Chiari syndrome
2) Intrahepatic Post-sinusoidal: Veno-occlusive disease
3)
site of vascular obstruction ... Post-sinusoidal: Budd-Chiari syndrome ... due to sepsis (umbilical
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
, Rotor syndrome ... cholestasis, and some cases ... miscellaneous causes ... toxins) • Biliary Obstruction ... #differential #causes
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
Causes of Enuresis ... Sleep Disorders (Obstructive ... Insipidus, Urethral Obstruction ... Non-neurogenic (Hinman Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes