7 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
into contiguous areas ... fluctuant, tender mass ... postauricular crease ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... is the order of least-essential ... For The Adenoma Please ... Signs / Symptoms ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
in sun exposed areas ... hair follicles -> causes ... keratinocytes but abnormal ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
tests algorithm ... clinical symptoms/signs ... Areas of diagnostic ... aminotransferase; BMI, body mass ... #Algorithm #Hepatology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
photoreceptors -> Break ... fundoscopy -> New abnormal ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
on the skin • Areas ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... - Core temp normal ... differential #diagnosis #causes