5 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... white or yellow areas ... fiber layer -> Cotton-wool ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Autoimmunity • Chronic ... - gastric and breast ... Chest CT: • Ground-glass ... DDX - Other causes ... Malignancies • Chronic
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Eczematous - Pruritic/Scaly/Erythematous lesions. Usually poorly demarcated
 • Atopic Dermatitis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... lichenification (chronic ... Yellowish-red plaques with greasy ... scalp/face/central chest ... #causes
Palpable Skin Crepitus on Physical Exam

Notice these air bubbles under the skin. An 86-year-old woman with
sudden-onset shortness of breath ... and spaces can cause ... travels from these areas ... in subcutaneous areas ... examination, the most common
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
PFAPA is the most common ... globally, excluding areas ... PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: The exact cause ... the acute flare; chest ... syndrome - chronic