12 results
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Orthopedics #Causes #Oncology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
3: Necrosis of bone ... into contiguous areas ... postauricular crease ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... symptoms #diagnosis #otology
BLT with a Kosher Pickle - Mnemonic for Cancers that Metastasize to Bone 

B - Breast
L
BLT with a Kosher ... Metastasize to Bone ... B - Breast ... - Prostate #BLT ... Osseous #Mets #Oncology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Leukocyte count ↑ PLT ... Significant ↓ PLT ... count • ↓Hg & PLT ... Intracellular Urate ... Leukemia #Hematology #Oncology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Unknown etiology, but ... recovery after breast ... inflamed, usually in one ... will eventually break ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
layers -> Dot/blot ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
breakdown causes dot/blot ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
photoreceptors -> Break ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... vision -> Straight but ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infiltration: Often breast ... to liver than ALT ... hemolysis) • ALP: Bone ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm