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Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
C02 (PECO2) • Abnormal ... zero WAVEFORM PATTERNS ... trapping • EMPHYSEMA ... surface - Pattern ... interpretation #patterns
On the left a typical case of panlobular emphysema.
There is uniform destruction of the underlying architecture
to widespread areas ... of abnormally low ... Pulmonary vessels ... the other hand, mild ... #Clinical #Radiology
On the left a patient with DIP.
The HRCT shows diffuse areas of ground-glass density in the
a patient with DIP ... shows diffuse areas ... and some mosaic pattern ... smoking #Clinical #Radiology ... DesquamativeInterstitialPneumonia #ILD
Basic Interpretation
A structured approach to interpretation of HRCT involves the following questions:
What is the dominant HR-pattern:
reticular
nodular
high
the dominant HR-pattern ... low attenuation (emphysema ... #Pulmonary #HRCT ... Interpretation #Algorithm ... #ILD #RadiologyAssistant
Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP, earlier named Hamman Rich Pneumonitis) is a rare idiopathic lung disease characterized
The histologic pattern ... There are areas ... and extensive areas ... #Clinical #Radiology ... AcuteInterstitialPneumonia #ILD
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
tests algorithm ... evaluation of the pattern ... Areas of diagnostic ... ALP, alkaline phosphatase ... #Algorithm #Hepatology
Algorithm for Diagnosis of Diffuse Cystic Lung Disease (DCLD)
Round, smooth cysts with normal lung parenchyma in
smooth cysts with normal ... distribution - LIP ... LCDD, SS Cyst pattern ... presentations - ILD ... Disease #DCLD #pulmonary
On the left a patient who is treated with cytotoxic drugs for a hematologic malignancy.
The radiographic
radiographic findings are areas ... like idiopathic pulmonary ... patients with a UIP ... pattern or NSIP ... pattern seen in
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Case A 39-year-old ... SpO2 88% on room air ... chest radiograph pattern ... defaulting to a normal ... #Radiology #CTChest