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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
The fourth pattern ... cysts (LAM, LIP ... low attenuation pattern ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
in interstitial lung ... there are four patterns ... in many cases UIP ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
have specific patterns ... realise, that these patterns ... findings of NSIP, UIP ... , OP and LIP have ... #Pulmonary #CTChest
Ground-glass opacity
Ground-glass opacity (GGO) represents:
- Filling of the alveolar spaces with pus, edema, hemorrhage, inflammation or
or interstitial lung ... in ground glass pattern ... predominance: UIP ... , NSIP, DIP. - Centrilobular ... #Pulmonary #CTChest
UIP
UIP is a histologic pattern of pulmonary fibrosis.
On a chest X-ray UIP manifests as a reticular
UIP UIP is a histologic ... pattern of pulmonary ... as a reticular pattern ... with a reticular pattern ... This pattern was
On the left a patient with DIP.
The HRCT shows diffuse areas of ground-glass density in the
a patient with DIP ... shows diffuse areas ... and some mosaic pattern ... #CTChest #DIP # ... DesquamativeInterstitialPneumonia #ILD
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
, pulmonary congestion ... disease, idiopathic pulmonary ... artifact); (G) UIP ... pattern with subpleural ... Correlation #Table #ILD
Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP, earlier named Hamman Rich Pneumonitis) is a rare idiopathic lung disease characterized
interstitial pneumonia (AIP ... The histologic pattern ... There are areas ... and extensive areas ... #CTChest #AIP #
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
Specific capnograph patterns ... mechanical ventilation breath ... intubation, single lung ... #Capnography #interpretation ... #waveforms #patterns
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
zero WAVEFORM PATTERNS ... surface - Pattern ... the heart to the lung ... #Capnography #interpretation ... #patterns #diagnosis