10 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... Infiltration: Often breast ... function may be abnormal ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
in sun exposed areas ... hair follicles -> causes ... keratinocytes but abnormal ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
noninfectious complications ... disease • Liver ... - gastric and breast ... levels are within normal ... DDX - Other causes
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
on the skin • Areas ... Muscles, Kidneys, Liver ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... - Core temp normal ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
other potential causes ... findings included abnormal ... Syndrome is a rare complication ... HZO #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology
Hemochromatosis is a disorder associated with deposits of excess iron that causes multiple organ dysfunction. Hemochromatosis
excess iron that causes ... function, reduce abnormal ... complications. ... colorectal and breast ... #HFEmutation #HFE
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... sx overlap with normal ... May have typical HF ... Postpartum Period • Breast-feeding ... Thromboembolic complications
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
structural and vascular complications ... defaulting to a normal ... bleeding often from a liver ... Most commonly caused ... contusions and their complications