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Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
• Malignancy (e.g ... : lung cancer, breast ... patients with pulmonary ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
disease or CHF) ... Treat underlying cause ... disease or CHF) ... Treatment #management #cardiology ... #algorithm
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
In daily clinical ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization ... Redistribution #RadiologyAssistant
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
In these cases, ... with signs of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural ... SubpulmonicEffusion #RadiologyAssistant
Pleural effusion is bilateral in 70% of cases of CHF.
When unilateral, it is slightly more often
bilateral in 70% of cases ... of CHF. ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural ... #RadiologyAssistant
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
with presence of pulmonary ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... #management #cardiology ... #heartfailure #chf
Pulmonary complications of targeted therapy
-Immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g. pembrolizumab)
-Pneumonitis is uncommon (~5% of patients) but can
Pulmonary complications ... checkpoint inhibitors (e.g ... There are case reports ... of pleural effusion ... #Radiology #Honc
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Clinical • Under-recognized ... May have typical HF ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
space (pleural effusion ... severe diseased areas ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar ... AlveolarEdema #RadiologyAssistant
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Obtain EKG if: ... Change in clinical ... one post op Cardiology