14 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Interstitial lung ... Abnormalities • Chest ... #Causes #Pulmonary
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... Consolidations - "Shred" sign ... pleura in severe cases ... Distress Syndrome (ARDS ... differential #diagnosis #signs
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
/0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
blood cells in the lung ... respiratory failure or ARDS ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic cough • Hypoxia ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal
Head Cheese Sign on Chest CT
 • Juxtaposition of distinct radiographic areas of low, normal and
Head Cheese Sign ... distinct radiographic areas ... of low, normal ... #Head #Cheese #Sign ... #CT #Lung #Pulmonary
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
including restrictive lung ... disease, pleuritic chest ... consider infarction, hypoxia ... Breathing In lung ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
skin (esp. over areas ... inflammation tends to cause ... interstitial lung ... disease/pulmonary ... pathophysiology #signs
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
• CT: Halo sign ... Exam: Can be normal ... factor • May cause ... Infections #HIV #AIDS ... #pulmonary #differential
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
granulomas within the lungs ... symptoms are not caused ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs