17 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... • Acute and chronic ... Papilledema #Chronic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Eczematous - Pruritic/Scaly/Erythematous lesions. Usually poorly demarcated
 • Atopic Dermatitis
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... lichenification (chronic ... scalp/face/central chest ... #causes
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs ... #differential #
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
skin (esp. over areas ... Pericarditis) -> Chest ... inflammation tends to cause ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation causes ... Loss of weight • Chest ... Most Common Causes ... Nasal polyps and signs ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... Self-limiting, chronic ... dyspnea, cough, chest ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
findings Acute or Chronic ... into contiguous areas ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Rare Causes of Abdominal Pain
 • Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema - Recurrent visceral that may by swelling
Rare Causes of Abdominal ... Mediterranean areas ... in the knee-to-chest ... Positive Carnett's sign ... Abdominal #Pain #differential