161 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADH promotes Urea ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Simultagnosia on Physical Exam (Balint Syndrome)

The patient can recognize objects one at a time but cannot
Physical Exam (Balint Syndrome ... recognize objects one ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Opsoclonus Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome (OMAS) on Physical Exam

Dancing eyes and dancing feet in an adult [Aka-
Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome ... (OMAS) on Physical ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
MLF) Iniury • One-and-a-half ... Syndrome • Cavernous ... #Localization #ophthalmology ... #neurology #differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... diagnosis #table #sodium ... #nephrology