14 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... alkalosis - ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... alkalosisNormal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #nephrology #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Elevated ... Renal Imaging: - Normal ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... consumption • Low/Normal ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosisNormal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology