14 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Normal Acid-Base: Low ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... , NGT suction, Low ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , NGT suction, Low ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... aldosteronism Low ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... Monosodium urate ... • Male sex • Metabolic ... syndrome • Medications ... #Gout #Comparison
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Decreased Intake: • Low ... Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride