13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
• Normal Acid-Base ... secreting tumor, Primary ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary ... , Gitelman syndrome ... • Normal acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #urinary #chloride
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
and decreased metabolism ... - Inherited Urea ... Portosystemic shunts - Urinary ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Bartter - Gitelman ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... lung disease (COPD ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... Monosodium urate ... • Male sex • Metabolic ... syndrome • Medications ... #Gout #Comparison
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology