13 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Syndrome: Distal ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Gitelman Syndrome ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Aphasia - Pathophysiology and Clinical Findings
Broca's Aphasia - Expressive language impairment: non-Fluent
 - Sensory speech areas
Aphasia - Pathophysiology ... Sensory speech areas ... deficits #Aphasia #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... Brocas #Wernickes #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... cotransporter • Gitelman's ... Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Bartter - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... Miller Fisher Syndrome ... management #treatment #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea ... clinical context and signs ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... especially in areas ... is decreased), hypernatremia ... #Cushings #Syndrome ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
on the skin • Areas ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs