9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... Volume Status ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Step 2. ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
Underlying disease states ... Pathophysiology ... articular cartilage 2. ... Hyperuricemia 2. ... • Metabolic syndrome
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Altered mental status ... Altered mental status ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Cerebrovascular Disease, PRES ... Pathophysiology ... Secondary prevention (statin ... #management #treatment
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... • Weakness: Starts ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
and Management ... Pathophysiology ... antibody that works ... #Management #treatment ... #neurology
Pseudogout Summary - Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD)

Pathophysiology:
Pyrophosphate produced by chondrocytes likely precipitates with calcium to
) Pathophysiology ... Underlying disease states ... prophylaxis for ≥2 ... Crowned Dens Syndrome ... #management