23 results
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... this specific case ... middle finger. 2) Ask ... #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... leg reflexes) ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea ... investigations abnormal ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Examine for signs ... Casey Albin MD @
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... to create maximal ... #Meningitis #Clinical
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... diffuse light reflex ... white or yellow areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... renal failure Clinical ... anterior/posterior MSK ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
from TB endemic areas ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... numbness, decreased reflexes ... Pathophysiology