10 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
ADH promotes Urea ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Urine Sodium 4) ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
filling of bucket (low ... intake) 2. ... transcellular shift) 3. ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
to work through ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
cases per million ... 3 times than men ... Pathophysiology ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
disconnection syndrome ... the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... hemianopsia (often) 2. ... read (alexia) 3.
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
, TTKG, distal flow ... Osmoles, Increased Urate ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... Resistance • Beta-2 ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Locked-in syndrome ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... safe to stop 2. ... stimulation 3. ... Sternal rub 3.