18 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... investigations abnormal ... context and signs ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
Woltman’s sign on ... reflex — Woltman’s sign ... a diagnosis of primary ... Woltman’s sign, ... #Woltmans #Signs
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... multiparous women - Urge ... Contraction - Signs ... Obstruction #Urinary
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Findings Urgency Urinary ... sudden, strong urge ... Pathophysiology #Signs
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Primary hyperaldo ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
Hyperthyroidism: Work-up ... of pregnancy, critical ... high T4 +/- T3 → Primary ... Hyperthyroidism → Signs ... Hyperthyroidism #algorithm
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... failure PBC Signs ... Drug-induced cholestasis, Primary ... malignancy #Primary ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup
Clinical features of focal cortical brain lesions in a right-handed individual

Frontal, either:  
Intellectual impairment, 
Personality
Clinical features ... Personality change, Urinary ... Localization #Symptoms #Signs ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms ... Progressive MS • Primary
Algorithm for Management of Head Injuries in Children
Primary survey:
 • Airway and cervical spine
 • Breathing
Injuries in Children Primary ... Amnesia >5 min • Abnormal ... of vomiting • Clinical ... fontanelle • Sign ... mastoid (Battle sign