13 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... Conn syndrome, Cushing ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... BAH, AME, GRA, Cushing's ... #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... #Algorithm #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypertension ... the indicated causes ... sodium is typically ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... considered likely, the cause ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Primary ... taken at home, work ... Glucocorticoid excess (Cushing ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Increased renal sodium ... retention, Urine ... pericarditis • Portal hypertension ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Workup and Differential ... Diagnosis Approach ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Hypercalcemia, Cushing's ... #Workup #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - ... Oral sodium loading ... test (with 24-h urine ... abdomen/pelvis • Cushing ... #Workup #table
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... the underlying cause ... management #nephrology #sodium