12 results
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... : • Headache ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... established by CSF or urine
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... stroke • Severe nausea ... , meningitis, encephalitis ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
- (Neisseria meningitidis ... vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Biphasic Illness of Leptospirosis
Some patients do not progress to severe disease. Others, rapidly develop severe disease
brief interval symptom ... • Fever • Headache ... rash • Others: nausea ... ): • Aseptic meningitis ... Diagnosis #Illness #Signs
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Signs / Symptoms ... pituitary hormones • Headaches ... • Nausea and ... Post-nasal drip • Meningitis ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... Pressure: • Headache ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... with the same symptoms ... eg, furnaces) Meningitis ... Previous chronic meningitis ... #redflags #signs
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... renal function/urine ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Symptoms improve ... with improved headache ... and nausea ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... output for signs
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... non-arousable, decr urine ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology