6 results
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
• Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Relief of prolonged urinary ... Partial Dl • Chronic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... syndrome (mimics loop diuretic ... mimics thiazide diuretic ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Altitude sickness • Diuretic ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Acute myocardial infarction ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... exercise or with diuretic ... and concentrated urine ... tract infections ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... pressure: Active diuretic ... metabolic acidosis • Diabetic ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... acute reversal of chronic ... after renal tubule diuretic ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... #nephrology